How far do territorial seas typically extend from the low waterline?

Territorial seas typically extend 12 nautical miles from the low waterline. This distance is recognized under international law, particularly the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The 12-nautical-mile limit is significant because it establishes the jurisdiction of the coastal state over nearby waters, allowing it to exercise sovereignty over the sea and its resources, including fishing and mineral rights.

The concept of territorial seas is important in maritime law, as it defines the area in which a state can enforce laws, regulate resources, and control passage. Within this limit, the state has full rights to exploit resources and regulate activities, while other nations have a right to innocent passage through these waters.

Additionally, the lower limits of territorial seas are also based on historical practices and international agreements. This standard is widely recognized and adhered to, making the 12-nautical-mile extent a crucial aspect of maritime law.