Moral development is described as a lifelong process aimed at achieving what?

Moral development is fundamentally about the process of understanding and applying ethical principles to one's life and the lives of others. It encompasses the growth of moral reasoning and behavior as individuals encounter different situations and challenges throughout their lives.

Choosing moral effectiveness as the correct answer emphasizes the practical application of moral understanding. It reflects the ability to not only comprehend moral values but also to act upon them in various circumstances, integrating ethical beliefs into decision-making and behaviors. An individual's capacity to effectively navigate moral dilemmas, foster ethical relationships, and promote social justice demonstrates moral effectiveness.

On the other hand, moral appreciation acknowledges the value of morality but does not necessarily imply the ability to act on those values. Moral justification pertains to providing rationales for actions, which can sometimes lead to unethical behavior if misapplied. Lastly, moral superiority suggests an inflated sense of one's moral standing compared to others, which can hinder genuine moral development rather than support it.