Which ethical system emphasizes the pursuit of happiness for the majority?

Utilitarianism is an ethical system that focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number of people. This approach asserts that the moral worth of an action is determined by its consequences, specifically the extent to which it promotes overall happiness or well-being. The key idea is to maximize happiness and minimize suffering for as many individuals as possible.

Utilitarian thinkers argue that actions can be justified if they lead to positive outcomes for the majority, making it a consequentialist philosophy. This perspective encourages weighing the potential benefits and drawbacks of actions in order to determine which choices will result in the most favorable outcomes for the largest group.

In contrast, character-based ethics emphasize individual virtues and moral character as a basis for ethical behavior. Deontology focuses on adherence to rules and duties, regardless of the outcomes of actions. Nihilism, on the other hand, denies the inherent meaning or value in ethical principles altogether. Therefore, each of these ethical systems encompasses different priorities and approaches to morality, underscoring why utilitarianism specifically highlights the pursuit of happiness for the majority.